Hyundai Repair: 95 accent, compressor clutch, battery voltage

Question
the car made a grinding noise (so i'm told by my girlfriend) and a burning electrical smell and the car just died. now it just makes one click when trying to start it.

Answer
I have a few theories.  It'll probably take a little checking to determine which of these has occurred.

-- Grinding noise and burning odor were from alternator.  Battery died due to faulty alternator and caused vehicle to stop running.  Battery voltage is insufficient to turn starter.  Battery voltage should be near 10V at least when cranking.  If not, suspect this issue.

-- Grinding noise and burning odor were from engine, which is now locked up.  The reason for the click is that the engine is locked and will not allow the starter to turn.  Suspect this issue or the one below if you cannot turn engine by hand.

-- Grinding noise and burning odor were from the a/c compressor and compressor clutch.  Compressor locked up causing engine to stall and not turn with starter.  If you're unable to turn the compressor by hand, suspect this issue.