Toyota Repair: 1990 Toyota Corolla, rich fuel mixture, toyota corolla


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My 1990 Toyota Corolla is giving me major starting problems.  It starts every morning and every afternoon after work, after sitting for a long time, and if I shut it off it will usually always start back immediately.  If I shut it off for just a few minutes (go in convenience store, etc., or 30-45 minutes) it won't start back.  After I let it sit for a while it will usually start back.  We have replaced the battery, battery cables, plugs, plug wires, distributor, distributor cap, rotor button, fuel pump, and fuel filter, and still it does the same thing.  The AC compressor also was not kicking in (something to do with the wiring), so it has been wired into the switch.  The car has died a couple of times while driving (slowing down to stop).  Do you have any ideas why this car won't start back after being shut down for only a little while?
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Please let me know what happens when trying to start the engine, does it turn over but not fire up, or does the starter not turn the engine over.

The engine turns over but will not fire up.  I could keep trying until the battery runs down, but it will not fire up.  It stalled this morning in traffic, and it took an hour and 10 minutes to restart.  
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I just need to know one more thing, look under the hood there is a label which shows the engine designation, it will be something like 4 AF-E or 4AF let me know which it is, if there is no label let me know if it is carbureted or has fuel injection.

It has fuel injection.  I don't know if it could have anything to do with all this, but I know I have problems with my exhaust system.  I can usually smell gas while driving.
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It sounds like there may be a fuel leak or the engine is for some reason running in a very rich fuel mixture situation, you mentioned that "I know I have problems with my exhaust system" I need to know what those problems are and also if there is a check engine light on the dash is on .

My problem with the exhaust is whatever makes the car sound loud or more like a lawn mower instead of a car.  There is no check engine light on in the car.  Thank you.
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There is probably a large exhaust leak, the exhaust manifold may be cracked or a pipe broken, an exhaust problem or a problem with the catalityc converter such as a clogged converter can cause starting problems, have the exhaust checked and do what is necessary to repair it and then see if the other problem is solved.

Over the weekend we did manage to pull trouble codes from the car.  It gave a code 12, which according to the manual, is something in the trouble area with the distributor or ignition, etc.  Could that make a difference?

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The code 12 refers to a problem with the rpm signal from the distributor, since there are no parts available to repair the IIA distributor I recommend that the distributor be replaced. Make sure that is complete with the coil and igniter installed, you can save quite a bit of money by getting one from a salvage yard or an aftermarket unit from a local auto supply store.