Many of the transmission problems you may experience with your 1999 Chevrolet Cavalier can be diagnosed by recognizing the symptoms of the problem, such as noise and performance issues. This allows you to troubleshoot the malfunction without performing any mechanical inspection. Additionally, many transmission problems will activate the "check engine" light on the Cavalier's instrument panel. If this is the case, you can pinpoint the problem by hooking up a diagnostic reader to your Cavalier. The device will then give you a readout of the ECU error code recorded, as well as a brief description of the transmission problem and/or the parts that are affected.
Both automatic and manual transmissions use a special fluid to lubricate internal components. The transmission fluid should be replaced every 50,000 miles to ensure the transmission's continued performance. Additionally, you should periodically check the transmission fluid level via the dipstick located at the rear of the Cavalier's engine bay. If the fluid is worn or low, you may experience an excessive whining noise from the transmission, as well as rough shifting behavior and gear grinding. If the transmission fluid is low, Chevrolet suggests adding fluid by placing a long-neck funnel in the dipstick hole.
Automatic and manual transmissions both feature a complex system of interlinked gears that allow the transmission to vary the vehicle's speed. The gears also feature synchronizers that match the speed of opposing gears between shifts. If the gears or synchronizers are damaged, you may experience rough shifting behavior and/or grinding noises between gear changes. Alternatively, damaged internal shafts and bearings can cause shifting and grinding problems. The only way to pinpoint a problem with the internal components is by having the transmission disassembled and inspected, or by using an ECU diagnostic reader.
The 1999 Chevrolet Cavalier automatic transmission features a torque converter that allows the engine power to be transferred to the transmission. The torque converter works by using a system of fluid-pumped turbines to convert the engine power into rotational force. If the torque converter is damaged, the transmission may not be able to properly engage, thus the engine will rev excessively, relative to the vehicle speed. Additionally, the torque converter features a lockup mechanism to improve fuel economy. If there are problems with the lockup mechanism disengagement, the engine may shudder or stall when you slow to a stop.
One of the most common problems with manual transmissions is a malfunctioning clutch mechanism. The clutch, which allows the transmission to connect and disconnect from the flywheel, is likely to wear out due to friction over time. When this occurs, the clutch mechanism will begin to slip. Symptoms of this include a strong burning smell under vehicle operation and excessive engine revving when the clutch pedal is slipped. Additionally, clutch chatter upon releasing the pedal indicates malfunctioning internal clutch components, such as a worn input shaft or clutch disc. Inconsistent clutch pedal pressure is often due to a damaged master or slave cylinder, which provides hydraulic pressure.
