When comparing vehicles, the specifications can be a useful tool to understand the power, capability and costs. Vehicle specifications stickers (as provided by a dealerships on new vehicles) are designed to allow consumers to make rapid comparisons on fuel economy, options, and vehicle design without having to review the owner manuals. The primary specifications used to compare vehicles are miles per gallon, engine performance (horsepower and torque) and towing capacity. Costs and options should also be considered when making a final decision.
Review the fuel economy. MPG (miles per gallon) ratings allow a consumer to evaluate expected fuel economy ratings for a given vehicle year. Because the government's tests may change from year to year, MPG ratings may not be equivalent across multiple years. MPG ratings represent expected mileage and are representative of what an average consumer would achieve. Actual MPG ratings are determined by driving habits and conditions.
Review the engine size. A vehicle's engine size is determined in liters or in cubic inches. The volume measure refers to the amount of displacement the engine's cylinders produce. Engine's with larger displacements can provide more power. More cylinders usually indicates a higher displacement and the capability to produce more power with fewer RPM (engine revolutions per minute).
Review the engine performance. Performance is measured in horsepower and torque. Horsepower is the measure used to determine the power output by an engine. Torque, measured in foot pounds, essentially represents the peak amount of acceleration power available in a gear. Both peak measures are provided for a given RPM. As an example, while a vehicle may have 200hp, when the peak horsepower is available in the RPM range will directly affect the amount of felt power. Likewise, when peak torque is at a lower RPM, the vehicle will accelerate more quickly than an equivalent horsepower producing engine with peak torque at a high RPM.
Determine the gross vehicle weight (GVW) and gross vehicle weight rating (GVWR). Both of these values are typically found on a sticker on the driver's side door. The GVW is also known as the "curb weight" of the vehicle. It represents the actual weight of the vehicle as delivered by the manufacturer. The GVWR is the maximum total weight the vehicle will support. Total vehicle weight includes the vehicle, occupants, cargo and towed items. The rated towing capacity is found by subtracting the GVW from the GVWR.
