An O-ring is a ring-shaped object, usually made of metal, that functions as a sealing device between two mechanical parts. O-rings can transmit fluids or gases, as well as prevent leaks in machines used in industries ranging from construction to drilling.
Because O-rings are usually elastic, they are compressible and resist breakage under pressure and movement. O-rings fit in a groove between two surfaces and deform when the surfaces are brought together, forming a tight seal. The rings can deform and reform repeatedly.
O-rings protect against leakage in pumps, compressers, gas re-injection equipment and other high pressure gas environments, such as drilling and construction. O-rings prevent lubricants or corrosive substances from entering the gas stream and causing damage. They can also prevent gases from leaking, as well as prevent damage to equipment caused by sudden changes in pressure.
Chemicals such as lubricants, solvents, and hydraulic fluids each have characteristic properties that require different chemical resistance in seals. Different materials are used to make O-rings resistant in different environments.
Heat can degrade many materials. O-rings that are resistant to heat-aging are used for seals in modern engines or environments with high operating temperatures.
Because they have such wide applications, O-rings are available in different materials, thicknesses, and sizes depending on their intended functions. They are used in moving as well as static joints in parts including pistons, flanges, rods, and end caps.
