Trick Steering Tech - 4-Wheel & Off-Road Magazine

When it comes to building up our 4x4s, we are famous for trying to squeeze 5 pounds of, uh, fertilizer into a 3-pound bag. We think nothing of shoehorning a big V-8 into a downsize pickup or an old Jeep. We buy an old pickup that never had power anything and gleefully start swapping in power everything-steering, brakes, air conditioning, the works. It's a great challenge, and hopefully in the end the result is a unique, head-turning 4x4 that'll take us anywhere, anytime in comfort and safety. However, you'll be going places you'd rather avoid if your steering doesn't work correctly. And the habit of stuffing big engines into little spaces can lead to interesting problems with steering linkages, especially if the project includes an axle swap, a power-steering add-on, or both.

131 9903 Trick Steering Tech engine And Steering And Front Suspension Photo 31353460

To help you find trick steering solutions that might arise in any shoehorn buildup, let's take a look at how Alvin Sessions of Rocky Mountain Off Road Specialties solved similar problems on a World War II military Dodge with a modern Mopar 360 V-8.

131 9903 Trick Steering Tech dodge Manual Steering Box Photo 31353463 As in many older trucks, the Old Dodge's original armstrong manual steering box mounted inside the frame about a foot in front of the firewall. That left plenty of clearance for the skinny old flathead six, but not nearly enough for the pudgy Mopar 360. Besides, a power-steering conversion was in the plans. What box and linkage should be used? PhotosView Slideshow As in many older trucks, the Old Dodge's original armstrong manual steering box mounted inside the frame about a foot in front of the firewall. That left plenty of clearance for the skinny old flathead six, but not nearly enough for the pudgy Mopar 360. Besides, a power-steering conversion was in the plans. What box and linkage should be used? After the V-8 was installed, looking at its exhaust manifold from inside the cab through the steering-column hole made two things clear. First, the steering linkage could not be a straight shot from the column to the steering box. It would have to be routed around the engine. Second, the steering column itself couldn't protrude very far into the engine bay. The Dodge's original inside-the-frame steering-box location allowed for a straight, one-piece steering column. That's too long to be reused without major modification. Sessions opted for a new GM-style tilt column from CJ's Rods and Machines. Figuring that the splined end could poke into the engine bay no more than 1 1/2 inches and that the steering-wheel hub should end a foot from the dash, CJ's 29-inch column seemed right. CJ's also offers the column in 31 and 33 inches. CJ's supplies a range of columns, including '48-'72 Ford pickups and '48-'80 Chevy pickups. The Street Rodder Special GM-style column for this project has tilt, turn signals, and a hazard switch, and it's pre-wired with a GM-style quick-connect harness. It's also available with a column-mounted gear-shift lever. Other models are available with the ignition key-in-column. Most columns are available in primed, brushed, or polished finishes. A universal firewall bracket that can be bent to fit almost any application is also provided and is simple to install. Sessions torch-heated the bracket to bend it and drilled two holes in the firewall for mounting. At the dash end, CJ's column fit nicely into the stock steering-wheel brackets. Brief consideration was given to trying to adapt the steering linkage from a donor '72 Dodge W200 Power Wagon. And we've heard tales of cobbling linkages together with parts from industrial or farm-and-ranch hardware stores. But if your steering linkage fails, the results could be deadly-to others as well as to yourself. This isn't the place to skimp on quality. That meant a call to Borgeson Universal for the no-compromise linkage components shown here. One great thing about dealing with Borgeson is that you call the company directly and it'll put together a custom linkage package for your particular application. For example, this project required linking a GM column to a Toyota steering box with a dog leg in the middle. No problem. Even before the column arrived, the Borgeson technician already knew the GM spline count and most of the parts required and talked Sessions through the rest of the measurements and angles involved. When the column and the Borgeson parts arrived, the splines matched perfectly. Here the Borgeson U-joint is pulled back to show the notch in the column's shaft for the set screw. Each set screw also has a lock nut for extra safety. Borgeson U-joints feature completely sealed, maintenance-free needle bearings. It's important to determine the angles at which each of the U-joints must operate. Borgeson's single joints (shown) are good at angles up to 30 degrees. This application is well under that. Borgeson offers double U-joints for operating angles between 30 and 60 degrees. The Borgeson technician matched the Toyota spline count too. The rubber weather boot protects not only the second U-joint but another critical component as well: a slip joint. The joint is needed to absorb any movement between the body and the frame as the 4x4 moves. Otherwise, the linkage might pull apart when the frame and body flex. Sessions attached the separate Borgeson shafts to the column and to the steering box. Then he routed the shafts around the engine and along the frame to meet in the middle as shown here. Borgeson intentionally left the double-D-shaped shaft (being marked) a little long to allow for small errors in measuring. Borgeson recommends trimming the shaft with a hack saw, but a cut-off wheel or band saw is much quicker. Practically all steering shafts are marked with a notch to indicate the 12 o'clock position. The rest of the linkage should be installed with the column in this position and the steering box in its dead-center (left-to-right) position. This ensures that the turn signals will cancel properly and that pitman-arm movement will be equal from side to side. Borgeson stresses that properly supporting the shafts is critical. The company's general rule is that a linkage with two U-joints doesn't need extra support, but three or more require it. This linkage has three joints, so Borgeson supplied this beefy rod end bearing shaft support. Sessions torched a hole in the frame to mount the shaft support. The support is height-adjustable to ensure that the weather boot won't rub on the frame. The last step is to tighten down all the set screws and jam nuts. Although the Borgeson U-joints are permanently lubed, they can rust-a coat of paint or some other sealant will preserve their good looks. The next challenge was to connect the Toyota steering box to the GM steering system. Sessions chose a Ford (and new Dodge Ram) solution. The GM front-to-back steering setup with the short drag link can make for some pretty harsh bumpsteer. And you lose left or right steering effectiveness when the suspension is flexed in the rough. A crossover setup avoids these negative steering attributes. Sessions reversed the GM tie rod so that the steering-stabilizer mounting hole is on the passenger side. He enlarged the mounting hole slightly to accept a Ford drag-link end. Then he modified a Superlift adjustable drag link for '78-'79 Broncos with a bend and a Toyota end to connect to the Toy pitman arm. He may add a Superlift adjustable track bar (also meant for Fords) if driving tests, which are still a few months away, show the need. A cool Grant Elite GT steering wheel with a billet installation kit topped off the steering tricks. The wheel features polished aluminum spokes, a machined billet trim ring, and a padded leather-grained vinyl grip.